Electric bikes are changing the way Australians commute and stay active. Offering a flexible and eco-friendly alternative to cars and public transport, they combine ease and efficiency in one smart package. But for those new to the concept, it's natural to wonder: how do e bikes work, and what makes them different from regular bikes?

This guide breaks down everything you need to know — from the core mechanics of electric bikes to how they perform on the road, what types are available, and whether they’re suitable for beginners. Whether you're considering a pedal assist electric bicycle for daily commuting or exploring the world of electric bikes with pedals for leisure, this article will help you make an informed decision.

What Makes an E-Bike Different from a Regular Bike?

At a glance, an electric bike may look just like a traditional push bike — but beneath the surface lies a clever combination of motorised technology and mechanical design. The key difference lies in how electric bikes provide pedal assistance, helping riders cover more distance with less effort.

Most e-bikes are equipped with the following core components:

• Electric Motor: This powers the bike and typically kicks in when you start pedalling. The motor is usually mounted either in the hub of the wheel or at the bike’s crank (mid-drive).
• Battery Pack: Rechargeable and often removable, the battery stores the energy needed to run the motor. Its capacity affects how far you can travel on a single charge.
• Pedal Assist System (PAS): This sensor-based system detects when you’re pedalling and activates the motor to give you a boost. 
• Controller & Display: These manage the system and allow you to adjust settings like speed, power level, and battery monitoring.

The result is a smooth, intuitive ride — especially helpful when climbing hills, tackling headwinds, or navigating long commutes. Pedal assist electric bicycles are designed to support your movement, not replace it, making the ride easier while keeping you engaged.

While some models offer a throttle-only mode, most electric bikes with pedals are designed to amplify your input, not replace it.

Do You Still Need to Pedal with an Electric Bike?

Yes, in most cases, you do — but with far less effort. A common misconception is that e-bikes work like scooters. In reality, most electric bikes with pedals use a pedal assist system that activates the motor when you pedal.

Here’s how it works:

• Sensors detect pedalling movement
• The motor provides assistance based on the selected power level
• The rider maintains control of speed and intensity

Some models also feature a throttle mode, which can assist without pedalling. However, in Australia, throttle use is regulated and limited to low speeds without pedalling.

Ultimately, pedal assist electric bicycles offer flexibility — you can ride with minimal support or let the motor do most of the work. It’s ideal for commuting, fitness, or simply enjoying a relaxed ride.

Why E-Bikes Are Easy for Beginners

Electric bikes are an ideal choice for first-time riders. Whether you're new to cycling or returning after a long break, their smart design and motor assistance make the learning curve remarkably gentle.

How Do E Bikes Work: Simple to Get Started

Learning how to ride an e-bike is straightforward. Most models come with an intuitive display and controls located on the handlebars. Here’s how it typically works:

• Press the power button to turn the bike on
• Select your desired pedal assist level
• Begin pedalling — the motor activates automatically
• Adjust assistance as needed during the ride

There’s no need for complicated gear systems or manual exertion on hills. The motor provides smooth support exactly when you need it.

Designed with Comfort and Confidence in Mind

Electric bikes are built to ease you into riding:

• Smoother acceleration
• Easier hill climbs
• Better balance and control
• Reduced fatigue on long rides

This makes them ideal for beginners and older adults seeking low-impact exercise.

Customisable Power Support

With most electric assist bikes, you can choose between multiple power modes — from minimal help to full assistance. This lets you:

• Build riding confidence gradually
• Conserve battery when needed
• Challenge yourself at your own pace

Electric bikes make cycling more inclusive, approachable, and enjoyable. For beginners, they offer the perfect way to stay active and mobile with far less strain than a conventional bike.

The Main Types of Electric Bikes

There’s no one-size-fits-all when it comes to electric bikes. Whether you're a commuter, an adventurer, or a delivery rider, there's a model designed to suit your lifestyle. Understanding the types of electric bikes available will help you choose the right one for your needs.

1. Commuter and Folding E-Bikes

• Lightweight and compact
• Ideal for city travel, public transport, and small storage spaces
• Great for those new to electric bikes

2. Fat Tyre E-Bikes

• Designed for rugged terrain like sand, snow, or trails
• Offer added stability and grip
• Perfect for weekend explorers or rural riders

3. Cargo and Utility E-Bikes

• Built to carry loads, whether it’s groceries, tools, or deliveries
• Common among business owners and families
• Popular in Australia’s growing e-bike delivery scene

4. Step-Through and Trike Models

• Easy to mount and dismount — no need to swing a leg over
• Excellent for older riders or those with mobility challenges
• Often used as a reliable electric assist bike for daily errands

Each model typically comes with electric bikes with pedals, allowing for versatile use of pedal assist. Some also feature throttle controls, though these are more regulated in Australia.

How Fast Can E-Bikes Really Go?

One of the biggest appeals of electric bikes is their ability to maintain speed with minimal effort — but just how fast can you go? The answer depends on the type of e-bike, your chosen assist level, and Australia’s legal limits.

Typical Speed Range

Most pedal assist electric bicycles can reach speeds of:

• Up to 25 km/h in compliance with Australian e-bike regulations
• Up to 32 km/h or more on private property or for models with additional throttle support (subject to local laws)

This makes them ideal for:

• Urban commuting — Travel faster than traffic without breaking a sweat
• Long-distance leisure rides — Cover more ground in less time
• Delivery and business use — Save time between jobs or stops

Legal Speed Limits in Australia

In Australia, road-legal electric bikes must meet specific standards:

• Must be limited to 25 km/h with motor assistance
• Can include a throttle, but only up to 6 km/h without pedalling
• Must not exceed 250 watts of continuous power (for pedal assist models)

These laws help ensure rider safety and make e-bikes compatible with bike lanes and shared paths.

Factors That Affect Speed

Even with assistance, several factors influence your actual riding speed:

• Terrain and gradient
• Rider weight and load (especially on cargo electric bikes)
• Battery charge level and motor efficiency
• Wind resistance and tyre type (e.g. fat tyre bikes for off-road)

Their ability to keep a steady, efficient pace makes them one of the most practical forms of modern transport.

How Do You Charge an E-Bike?

Charging an electric bike is simple, efficient, and easy to manage — even if you’re completely new to e-bike ownership.

Standard Charging Process

Most electric bikes with pedals come with a rechargeable lithium-ion battery and a compatible charger. To charge:

• Plug the charger into a standard wall socket
• Connect it to the bike’s battery (either on the bike or removed, depending on the model)
• Wait for the battery to reach full charge — typically 4 to 6 hours

Do E-Bikes Charge by Pedalling?

No — this is a common myth. While a few premium models offer regenerative braking, it adds a minimal charge and is rarely found on standard e-bikes.

Battery Range and Tips

The distance you can ride on a full charge depends on several factors:

• Battery capacity (measured in watt-hours, or Wh)
• Level of pedal assist selected
• Rider weight and cargo load
• Terrain and weather conditions

To extend battery life:

• Avoid full discharges where possible
• Store the battery in a cool, dry place
• Charge regularly if not in frequent use

What Are the Downsides of Using an E-Bike?

Electric bikes offer impressive benefits, but they do come with a few considerations.

1. Upfront Cost

E-bikes are more expensive than regular bikes due to their motor and battery systems. However, many riders find they save money long term on fuel and transport costs.

2. Heavier Build

The added components make electric bikes heavier, which can be inconvenient when carrying or storing them. Riding without battery assistance can also feel sluggish.

3. Battery Limitations

Batteries require regular charging and will eventually need replacing after several hundred charge cycles. The range per charge varies depending on usage and terrain.

4. Legal Restrictions

Australian laws cap pedal assist electric bicycles at 25 km/h and 250W power output. Exceeding these limits may restrict road use or require registration.

Essential Safety Tips for Electric Bike Riders

While e-bikes are fun, efficient, and accessible, riding safely is key to getting the most out of your experience. Whether you're using a commuter model or a pedal assist electric bicycle, following basic safety practices helps you stay confident on the road.

Wear the Right Gear

• Helmet: Legally required in Australia and crucial for protecting your head
• High-visibility clothing: Especially for early morning or evening rides
• Front and rear lights: For visibility in low-light conditions

Understand Local Road Rules

Electric bikes are subject to the same traffic rules as traditional bicycles. Stay safe by:

• Using bike lanes where available
• Obeying traffic signals and road signs
• Yielding to pedestrians on shared paths

Perform Regular Maintenance

Keeping your e-bike in good condition is essential for safe riding. Focus on:

• Brake checks: E-bikes travel faster, so strong braking is critical
• Tyre pressure: For smooth handling and grip
• Battery health: Ensure it’s securely mounted and holds charge properly

Ride Defensively

Anticipate the actions of cars, pedestrians, and other cyclists:

• Maintain a safe distance from vehicles and obstacles
• Use hand signals clearly and early
• Avoid weaving through traffic or riding too close to parked cars

A well-maintained electric assist bike, combined with responsible riding habits, ensures not only your safety but also a smoother, more enjoyable journey — every time you ride.

Conclusion: Is It Time to Try an E-Bike?

Knowing how do e bikes work gives you a clear understanding of why they’re fast becoming Australia’s go-to solution for smarter, cleaner transport. With a seamless blend of pedalling and motorised support, e-bikes offer an effortless way to take on daily commutes, weekend rides, and everything in between.

From lightweight commuter models to robust cargo options, there’s a design to suit every rider. Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned cyclist, the benefits of electric bikes — speed, comfort, and sustainability — are hard to ignore.

If you're ready to experience the freedom and flexibility of e-bike riding, explore Sunmono’s range of high-quality electric bikes built for Australian roads and lifestyles.